Previous workers have recognized a positive d13C excursion during the mid-Caradocian in Laurentian and Baltic platform
carbonates. This study documents the mid-Caradocian Guttenberg excursion (GICE) in the Kullsberg Limestone in central
Sweden. Significantly, we observed increases in both d13C and d18O unlike most previous studies of GICE which only
observed increased d13C marine values. Brachiopods from the lower Kullsberg Limestone reflect pre-excursion conditions
having more negative d13C (0–1x) and d18O (4x to 6x) values compared with least-altered marine cement from the
upper Kullsberg Limestone, which have more positive d13C (2.1–3.6x) and d18O (1.8x to 3.6x) values. Least-altered
marine cements from the Kullsberg Limestone include: columnar calcite, first-generation equant calcite, and translucent fibrous
calcite (from earliest to latest in timing of formation). Kullsberg seawater during the d13C excursion event likely decreased in
temperature by up to 15 8C with an approximate c1x increase in d18OH2O attributable to increased salinity during the mid-
Caradocian. The results of this study are consistent with multiple independent approaches to characterize the composition of the
Ordovician atmosphere/hydrosphere systems. Specifically, results of this study are consistent with formation of abiotic calcite at
moderately low paleotemperatures during the GICE excursion of 10–17 8C and Ordovician atmospheric pCO2 values of b10
present atmospheric level.